Monday, December 31, 2018

My Top Reads in 2018
There have been all sorts of end of the year “best” lists (See below for links.) and even columns about the various best lists.  Washington Postbook reviewer Ron Charles considers the differences between the top choices on Goodreads versus those of the professionals – and to be sure, there are few crossovers!  (https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/goodreads-choice-awards-an-annual-reminder-that-critics-and-readers-dont-often-agree/2018/12/03/0ce76a26-f6f4-11e8-8c9a-860ce2a8148f_story.html?utm_term=.1afeac39563a)

My favorite titles tend to be books that are well written, books in which you see the writer’s craft with language, narrative structure and characterization. They also have to do more than tell a good story.  I want to be left with questions to think about and discuss.  Of the 68 books I read over the past 12 months, many but certainly not all were published in the past year, so my list, unlike those of the professional sites, will include some titles written previously. In reviewing my journal from 2018, I am surprised to see there were not so many contenders for my
“best” list – a lot of 3 stars books appeared that were often entertaining page-turners but easily forgettable as well. Here are my recommendations:


The Immortalists by Chloe Benjamin
Perhaps the best book I read all year, it’s both a compelling page turner and a well-crafted novel that raises questions about the choices we all make about what it means to live a good life.   The story begins in the ‘70’s on the lower east side of New York.  Word has spread that a gypsy woman who can tell you the day you will die has come to town.  The four Gold children pool their money and seek her out as much as for an adventure as any other reason.  She speaks to them separately, giving each of them a specific date.  The prophesies guide the choices made in the next decades as the novel follows each Gold as they grow up.  Benjamin cleverly divides the book into four sections with each section following a sibling up until his or her death.  The reader initially only knows the date for one of the characters, Varya, who is told she will live to be 88.  The other dates are only gradually revealed but with the approach of each predicted date, the characters are haunted by the possibility of impending death.  

Initially, both the reader and the characters are inclined to dismiss the psychic’s prophesies, like proverbial superstitions that we rationally know are silly, yet we still avoid walking under ladders or stepping on sidewalk cracks.   There’s always that slim possibility that it could be true.   As the novel tracks the characters, each section offers a different response to the foreknowledge that they have received. 

Waking Lionsby Ayelet Gundar-Goshen
 Although the novel is set in Israel, the topic of illegal immigrants and refugees is very relevant to American readers and the focus on ethical responsibility is universal.  Dr. Eitan Green, neurosurgeon, husband to a police detective and father of two young sons, is exhausted after a long shift at the hospital, but wide awake; remembering a challenging SUV track in the desert, he impulsively decides to drive there before going home.  Turning up Janis Joplin to full blast and speeding to 120 kilometers an hour in the full moonlight, Eitan finds himself feeling liberated and happy.  “It had been years since he had enjoyed himself so much alone, with no other eyes to share the wonder with him, with no one else to echo his joy” (21).  His happiness is short-lived, however when he hits an African man walking in the dark. Jumping out, he realizes the man is still alive, but just barely, and likely to die before Eitan can get him to a hospital.  Recognizing that if he calls the police, he will be charged with manslaughter, lose his medical license and upend his family’s life, and realizing that he cannot save the man, Eitan decides to save himself and drives off. The following day, he repeats to himself, “I ran a man over and drove away” (27), but with each passing hour, the memory seems more and more surreal.  He assumes that with time, the pain of his action would pass.  “Habituation.  The gradual loss of sensitivity” (30).  He would be left with unease.  “People live entire lives with some measure or another of unease” (32).  Eitan’s belief that the incident will gradually fade is short-lived when the dead man’s wife shows up at his door and hands him his wallet.  She demands that he meet her that night at a deserted garage near a kibbutz and he shows up with money, planning to pay her off, but her price is more costly than what he brings;  at the garage he finds other Eritreans in need of medical help and it becomes clear that she expects him to be a doctor to them – every night.  The novel raises many ethical questions for both the characters and the reader.  

Little Fires Everywhereby Celeste Ng
Ng’s second book has several key elements in common with Ann Patchett’s Commonwealth:  two connected families blend and separate, individual members are forever effected by pivotal decisions, and flashbacks gradually solve mysteries.  Unlike Patchett’s book, Little Fires Everywheretakes place over a relatively short span – less than a year occurs between the opening and ending scenes.  About halfway through, the thread connecting the shifting points of view and backstories becomes apparent; it is a story about mothers and daughters and the sometimes atavistic nature of a woman’s feelings about her child.  

Ng raises questions about parenthood that are complex and ultimately unanswerable.  To whom does a child belong – the couple who have entered into a legal contract and fathered her or the mother who gave birth to her?    How intentional does parenthood need to be?  Is parenthood more than just biology?  Ng also seems to suggest that choosing to have children and then being able to have them is more serendipitous than we may acknowledge.

Calypsoby David Sedaris
David Sedaris is not someone I think I’d actually want to spend much time with. He’s far too quirky, but I love reading his work or, even better, having him read me his work via audible.com. His latest collection (the only nonfiction book on my list!) features his family prominently and the stories are linked by his contemplations of aging and mortality.  In the darkest essay, he writes about the suicide of his mentally ill sister, Tiffany; he returns several times in other pieces to the last time he saw her – at the stage door of one of his shows – when he told the stage manager to shut the door on her.  Most of the essays, however, despite the acknowledgement of Sedaris’s own journey into middle age and the impending mortality of his 94-year old father, are humorous.  

The thing about listening to Sedaris is that I start writing my own essays in my head and I feel inspired to sit down at the computer, thinking, “He writes about a lot of ordinary things.  I can do that.”  But I don’t. Well, not yet.  He’s also very good at weaving together seemingly disparate anecdotes from different times and places.  A story about a family trip to the house he has purchased on Emerald Isle (which he renamed ‘The Sea Section’) recalls childhood visits to the beach, memories of his mother, the rumor that James Comey was just down the island and arguments with his father about Donald Trump.  My favorite essay, one he read at Wolf Trap when I went to hear him last summer, is called “Untamed,” about a little fox they named Carol.  His relationship with her began when they threw chicken bones into the meadow behind their patio and the little fox came by and picked up a bone, and “at the sound of my voice, the fox. . .returned the bone to the ground, the way you might if you were caught trying to shoplift something” (149).  But she returned the next night, and the night after that and soon Sedaris thinks of her as his.  He and Hugh argue over his feeding of her.  “Since we met Carol, our backyard has been a graveyard for pork chops and beef jerky and raw chicken legs” (150).  When Hugh finds half a hot dog in a flower bed, he accuses Sedaris of manipulating Carol.  “’That’s you, the puppet master.  It’s the same way you are with people – constantly trying to buy them” (150-151). 

The Destroyersby Christopher Bollen
I took this book along with me on my recent trip to Greece because it is set on one of the Greek islands, Patmos, and because I anticipated a compelling read. Although we did not visit that particular island, we saw Santorini, which provided ample visuals for the large cruise ships docked off shore and the crowded warren of pedestrian streets through the village cut into the side of the hill that are portrayed in the novel. Located in the Aegean nearer to Turkey than Greece, Patmos is a small island most famous for being the site of the vision given to John in the New Testament Book of Revelation.  As such, Patmos has become a destination for Christian pilgrims who come to tour the cave and several monasteries.  

It is against this backdrop that the story begins.  Ian Bledsoe arrives on the island in a move of desperation; he’s lost his job, been disinherited and is unsettled by the recent death of his father. His childhood friend, Charlie Konstantinou, now lives on Patmos and is running a rental yacht business, and it is to Charlie that Ian flees in search of financial support for a new business venture and friendly emotional support.  The story flashes back periodically to the boys’ adolescence in Manhattan.  The sons of rich men, they live on the upper east side and attend chichi private schools, but both itch to become self-made men rather than glide on the coattails of their family wealth.  Ian, in particular, is more interested in philanthropic causes and gets himself in trouble when he becomes involved with employees of his family’s baby food company who expose the horrific working conditions and less than sanitary products of the company’s Panamanian factory.  

Significant to these flashbacks is Ian’s recall of an imaginary game that he and Charlie played endlessly, the titular “Destroyers.”  One of them begins the game:  “You’re in the Buckland cafeteria when six gunmen enter.”  The other responds, “I dive below the table.”  The first one says, Gunmen spray bullets under the table.”  (14) The game continues with them taking turns, improvising “weapons and shields and intricate booby traps constructed out of Old Masters paintings or jugs of crab salad” (15).  In Ian’s recall of the game, he comments, “It was Charlie’s tendency to make bad decisions, as if attracted to the deadest of ends and yet still expecting to escape without a scratch” (15).  This sentiment proves to be significant foreshadowing.

Bollen explores the lure of wealth and the conflicts that arise around money – both having more than enough and the opposite, not having enough.  He also asks readers to consider the intersection of morality, self-interest and loyalty to others.  How much are you willing to sacrifice in order to do what is right? 

The Punishment She Deservesby Elizabeth George
I can’t remember if I read one of George’s novels before or after I saw the PBS dramatization of her Chief Inspector Lynley stories starring the very handsome Nathaniel Parker.  No matter, as I very much enjoy both as well-crafted mysteries solved by persistent, clever detectives.  The novels, however, which always clock in at over 600 pages, are more than police procedurals.  George deftly weaves themes that go beyond the crime to be solved.  In this outing, her central motif is that of mothers trying to do their best for their offspring but not quite getting it right despite their best intentions.  

The book shifts point of view between a wide cast of characters that inhabit Ludlow, a small British town near the border with Wales and the London detectives who are sent to investigate the death of a clergyman while in custody in the local police station.    George takes her time building the stories of these various characters, and their relationships to each other, the crime and the central theme emerge gradually. There is a group of students who attend the local college, who drink heavily and among whom there are friends with benefits.  Readers meet the families of several of these students and chapters are told through their mothers’ points of view as the parents struggle to protect (their word) and control (the young people’s word) their offspring.  The policeman responsible for bringing in the clergyman for questioning begins the novel.

It helps to have read previous books in the series as the main characters’ own stories continually develop but it’s probably not a prerequisite for enjoying the novel.   George’s writing is compelling, her language well-crafted and her characters sound like real people.  Oh, and also there’s a tangled mystery to be solved.  

Anything is Possible by Elizabeth Strout
Pulitzer Prize winner Strout brings her A game once again to this follow up to her 2016 My Name is Lucy Barton(which should really be read first) in which she returns to Lucy’s home town of Amgash, Illinois, on the occasion of the publication of Lucy’s memoir (presumably Strout’s earlier book).  In a series of related stories, Strout focuses on different community members who knew Lucy, either tangentially or well. It’s helpful to keep a list of who the people are and who they mention as these characters show up in later stories, referenced in conversations by other community members.  You can read these as separate stories but seen collectively, they portray a community of people who have suffered in many different ways and who have, to varying degrees, never overcome the wounds of childhood .  Lucy herself appears in only one story when, on a book tour that brings her to Chicago, she returns to Amgash to visit her brother Pete and her sister Vicky, whom she has not seen in the 19 years that she has been away. In My Name is Lucy Barton,Lucy talks about making excuses for not returning but admits that her childhood of poverty and abuse were so painful that she cannot bear to return.

I actually read this book twice, the second time taking notes and underlining significant passages.  In both readings, I was amazed by and impressed with the realism of the world Strout has created and the deftness with which she interweaves her characters’ stories. The second time through looking for the thematic links, I was struck by the sadness.  Many of these characters can be labelled “survivors” – survivors of their traumatic childhoods, survivors of their poverty, survivors of wars that left them broken.  While some physically escape to other places, the geography of Amgash and the past seem tattooed to their souls.  Their ability or lack thereof to move beyond is what determines their happiness.

How Hard Can It Be?by Allison Pearson
This was a hilarious, all too realistic account of a woman, Kate Reddy, turning 50 who is dealing with the onset of menopause, a hideous teenage daughter, a husband with a mid-life crisis, ailing parents, a renovation of their newly acquired fixer-upper and a return to the office she headed 7 years earlier, now as a junior assistant.  As the pre-menopause symptoms set in – hazy memory, huge gushes of blood at inopportune moments, new facial hair- painfully funny scenes ensue.  Kate pretends that she has a little librarian shuffling around the shelves of her memory in house slippers whom she refers to as Roy, and throughout the novel she parenthetically calls on Roy – e.g. “Roy, please find the name of the woman walking towards me. Roy, please add ‘Pick up carryout for dinner’ to today’s list.”  Her encounters with her sixteen year old daughter are particularly funny if you have a)had a teenage daughter and b)said daughter has now grown out of that horrible phase.  The book opens with her daughter having snapped a “belfie” (British, I presume, for bum or butt selfie) which has now been spread far and wide across the internet by her frenemy.  This is a wonderfully funny read for any middle-aged woman who has juggled far too many balls and yet kept a surprising percentage of them in the air.

Beartownby Frederik Backman
Fredrik Backman had me with A Man Called Ove.  His subsequent novels (My Grandmother Asked Me to Tell You She’s Sorry and Britte-Marie Was Here) were equally good but with this novel, he has raised his game considerably.  Characters have always been a strength, but in Beartown, the cast is larger and richer and the story arc more complex. The book is set in a small, wintry town in the forests of Sweden where hockey is king.  From the time children can stand, they are buckled into skates and handed a stick.  The titular Beartown has teams at every level, always hoping to get itself on the map and, more importantly, bring a hockey academy and all the business surrounding it to bolster their faltering economy.  

Backman toggles between the points of view of a number of the teenage boys who play on the junior team, which is one step away from winning a regional championship, their classmates, their parents and various other townspeople.  Initially, the book seems to be about the benefits and dangers of such extreme investment in hockey.  Suburban America may be geographically far distant from Beartown, but the obsessive behavior of a community too invested in youth sports for their own good seems familiar.  But, it turns out that the novel is about much more:  what it means to be a good parent, to be a good friend, whether you are able to accept the consequences of your choices.  Importantly, it asks, is there a point at which loyalty stops? The story also takes on topical issues such as classism, gender roles and sexual aggression.
NOTE: The sequel, Us Against Them, was published in the fall and it was a disappointment after Beartown.

The Woman Next Doorby Yewande Omotoso
Marion and Hortensia are two octogenarians who live next door to each other in an upscale neighborhood in Cape Town.  Marion is white and Hortensia is black; both are cantankerous and embittered women and they can’t stand each other when the story begins.  Both women are professionally successful as younger women; Marion is an architect and, in fact, Hortensia’s house is her first design. Marion has longed to live in the home that she considers hers but over the years the sales have been private and taken place before she knows the house is open.  Marion is resigned to living next door and for not much longer because, as it turns out, her seemingly wealthy husband has left her with a stack of debts.  After bearing four children and with little child-rearing support from her husband, Marion becomes a stay-at-home mother, sacrificing her career, stifling her talent and leaving her without her own money.  Hortensia is a world-famous fabric designer, owning a business in London and then one in Nigeria.   The reason for her bitterness is not immediately apparent but through a series of flashbacks, the reader learns about the vagaries of her marriage to a white man with whom she can not produce children.  Hortensia is financially set, having kept her money separately from her husband and the house in her name, but she envies Marion’s motherhood even though Marion’s grown children have little to do with her.  Relieved when her husband dies, Hortensia is in for an unsettling surprise when his will is read.

The icy relationship between the two women begins to thaw when an accident occurs leading to a broken leg for Hortensia and major house repairs for Marion.  As they get to know each other better, each woman begins to confront personal issues that have been unspoken for years. Omotoso does a good job of bringing in racism and class distinctions through the characters of the maids who work for the two women. Hortensia forces Marion to confront her own racism as does Agnes, Marion’s maid, and Marion’s gentle conversational prodding leads Hortensia to take responsibility for some of the wrong turns in her marriage. Occasional sparks of humor lighten the mood and help to gradually endear the main characters who are initially not very likeable.

Other Lists: 















Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Two Disappointments:  The Witch Elm by Tana French and Nine Perfect Strangers by Liane Moriarty

I am always excited when I see that a favorite author has a new book out and I rush to amazon because, of course, I need to have it now.  I’ve read everything by Irish writer Tana French and Australian Liane Moriarty, and was therefore anxious for their new offerings, The Witch Elmand Nine Perfect Strangers.  Alas, dear reader, they were both disappointments.

French’s excellent Dublin murder squad novels established her as both a talented writer of mysteries and a skilled crafter of characters, so it was with anticipation that I came to her newest work, a stand-alone story.  Alas, she should stick to what she does best. I have several complaints, the most significant being that nothing much happens.  The first 150 pages could easily have been edited down to a few.  Protagonist Toby is a 20-something with a beautiful girlfriend, several good mates with whom he shares a regular pint at the local pub, and an interesting enough job doing PR for an art gallery.  Two things happen to Toby in the first 150 pages, one of which matters not at all and the other of which is a plot device to get him to the main story, which is his convalescence after a brutal attack in a robbery gone wrong.  Toby goes to stay with his uncle Hugo at Ivy House, the site of weekly family gatherings and where Toby and his cousins, Susanna and Leon, spent summers.  Hugo is dying of cancer and Toby’s decision to stay with him works to both their advantages.  Nothing much happens for a while until Susanna’s children are sent by Hugo to “find treasure in the garden” in order to get them out of the adult’s hair.  The children uncover a human skull in the old wych elm and it is here that the story takes off. . .at a snail’s pace.  The police are brought in and the rest of the skeleton, belonging to an adolescent friend of the cousins, is discovered.

It seems like French is going for a psychological thriller as much as anything else.  Toby’s memory issues from the attack seemingly prevent him from remembering the young man despite the insistence of the cousins that they all knew him.  The reader begins to question the reliability of our narrator as his thoughts about the skeleton and his patchy memory become increasingly alarming.  In the end, we find out what happened and why in a few brief pages – a conversation in which all is revealed to Toby – which seems a cheap way to wrap it up.  There’s not the usual catharsis provided by the gradual solving of a mystery, leaving the reader disappointed.

In Moriarty’s novel, nine strangers descend on a remote health resort for a ten day stay, coming for various reasons – weight loss, marital counseling, getting over grief.  Moriarty rotates the point of view by chapter between these characters and the three people who run the spa, Masha, the owner, and her two assistants, Delilah and Yao, who is medically trained. Frances Welty, a formerly best-selling romance novelist gets more page time than others and emerges as the central character, unlike the author’s previous books in which several characters share center stage (ThinkBig, Little Lies).  The result is that we see the others through Frances’ eyes with only glimpses of their perspectives, making many of them two-dimensional.  Most of the guests are taken aback at the spa’s procedures – daily smoothies, no alcohol or electronics, strict personalized diets and the first five days are “the noble silence” during which no one is permitted to speak or make eye contact. Multiple guests are soon second-guessing their choice of this particular “resort.”    Much of the book is the emerging backstories of the various spa-goers who initially bond over their common dismay at the place but later are forced into a collaborative life and death problem-solving situation when (SPOILER ALERT)Masha turns out to be a crazy and fiendish cartoon character. (Who remembers Boris and Natasha?) This turn of events, perhaps Moriarty’s trademark “secret that is revealed well into the book”, is the most disappointing aspect of the novel.  It just becomes silly and unbelievable.  I guess every author is allowed a dud; this is hers.


Tuesday, October 30, 2018

PBS Best-loved Novels -- Some thoughts


In an article in today’s Washington Posthttps://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/whats-the-best-american-novel-a-pbs-vote-is-a-revealing-look-at-our-limited-taste/2018/10/29/039f8532-db80-11e8-b732-3c72cbf131f2_story.html?utm_term=.602914107d94) Mark Athitakis criticizes America’s taste in fiction while concluding that the reason so many of the titles made the recent PBS list of 100 best is a nostalgia for childhood and adolescence and the stories that first taught us about family and friendship. Athitakis believes that the problem with this is that, “if we treat books mainly as mementos of our own experiences, like yearbook photos, we diminish our capacity to see them as ways to understand that of others.”  

 I see his point about the presence of adolescent literature on the list – the Harry Potter series, Charlotte’s Web, Little Women, e.g. -- but as to his criticism, I think he forgets that the list is not “The best books of all time” but rather “the best lovedbooks.”  There’s a difference.  “Best” implies a literary quality that reflects strong command of language, creative but controlled narrative structure and well-developed characters. “Best” books are often the first to play with a particular idea in a unique way and they always leave the reader with moral or philosophical questions as in the case of the list-topper, To Kill a Mockingbird.  We may love books for these reasons but sometimes a book that lacks some or all of these qualities still resonates for a very personal reason and that, I think, is where the readers who voted are coming from. 

Less concerning to me than the titles that appear in the list is, as Athitakis points out, America isn’t reading. Research tells us, he says, that ¼ of Americans never read fiction and only ½ of Americans read a book for pleasure last year.  As a bibliophile and former English teacher, this breaks my heart.  I have relatives and close friends who almost never read novels and to me that’s like watching a black and white television. Don’t they want to update to color?  

Athitakis also expresses dismay that you have to go pretty far down the final tally to find a work in translation — “The Little Prince,” No. 36 — and further still to find one by a non-North American or European author — “One Hundred Years of Solitude,” No. 54.”  This may reflect the age of the PBS readers (He says it’s the over-50 crowd.) I spent most of my 36-year career working with colleagues to put into the hands of our students works that reflect the diversity of the world in which we live.  My former students know who the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adiche is (and could spell her name), and can compare and contrast her work with that of white South African writer Nadine Gordimer.  They have read Chekhov and Orwell but also Toni Morrison, August Wilson, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Bao Ninh and Michael Ondaatje.  I was in a classroom recently where students had just finished Diary of a Part-time Indian.  It is my hope that these young people in 30-40 years will be a) still reading, b) watching PBS and c) offering up a list of best loved titles that demonstrates a wider and more diverse selection.  

That said, I will smugly conclude with the fact that I have read 65 of the titles on the list, a few of which would be included in my personal selections for “best loved” and a few that would also just be “best.”  How about you?


Here’s the link to the PBS list:



Sunday, October 21, 2018


An Evening With Elizabeth Strout



Last Friday night, Pulitzer Prize winner Elizabeth Strout, author of Olive Kittridge, My Name is Lucy Barton and Anything is Possible, spoke to a crowd of about 200 people at George Mason University.  Dressed smartly, but somewhat casually with her shoulder-length white blond hair thrown up in a messy ponytail, she opened with an anecdote about her first interview 20 years ago.  “I thought I looked nice.  The reporter said, ‘You don’t look remotely like what I thought you would.’”  She went on to say she hoped she was what we were expecting.  “Thanks,” she said, “for taking the risk.”

In contrast to Tayari Jones, who spoke two nights earlier and who focused on her newest book, Strout spoke from a prepared talk on why fiction matters.  “We don’t have a clue what goes on inside of our neighbor’s house.  We will only see things through our eyes.  There are always things we keep secret.  That space between ourselves and the world, that in-between is literature and poetry.”  Novels, she says, allow us glimpses into another person’s life. Reading a novel helps you know what is feels like to be another person; novels give one the ability to empathize.  An audience member asks about a related concept - point of view.  “Point of view,” she explains, “is like a camera.  It goes into a head and then pulls away, then zooms into another character’s head.”  

Although Strout never took a creative writing class, she says that, at her mother’s urging, she wrote everything down, becoming a keen observer.  She’s also a listener, noting the importance of language and the difference between what is said and what is experienced.  Her goal, she explains, is accuracy of language and emotional honesty. “Where else,” she asks, “do we learn about life but through fiction?”

When Strout gets specific about her work, it is usually in reference to Olive Kittridge, the episodic novel about a cantankerous Maine school teacher, the book for which she won the big prize.  Audience members ask a variety of questions about the book, including ones that touch on Olive’s unlikeability.  “I am not interested in whether my characters are likeable or unlikeable.  I am more concerned with whether they are honest,”  she replies. I am surprised that the discussion is so focused on this older book and want her to talk about her most recent two works, the second of which is a sort of sequel to the first, so when the floor is opened to questions, I jump up to the mike.  My Name is Lucy Barton, if you haven’t read it, is a slim little novel told in first person by Lucy, a young mother and wife who has an extended stay in a hospital for a seemingly undiagnosable illness. Her mother comes to visit and they talk about people from Lucy’s home town, a place from which she flees some years earlier.  The reader is left with many gaps in Lucy’s story, many of which are filled in the subsequent novel, Anything is Possible, which takes place in that home town with each chapter told from the point of view of a different person, including Lucy’s siblings.  I want to know about her decision to write two connected books. Strout says that she actually wrote the two books at the same time, writing scenes and moving them around on her table.  For example, when Lucy and her mother mention Kathy Nicely, Strout says she wondered whatever happened to Kathy and then moved around the table to write her story. 

I think people would have gladly engaged her in dialogue for another hour, but the hosts called time and the line for the book signing is already 25 deep by the time we get out of the auditorium.  Strout is both a gifted writer and an entertaining speaker.  It was a good way to spend a Friday night.

Sunday, October 14, 2018



An evening with writer Tayari Jones



Tayari Jones, an African American author now teaching at Emory University, has recently published her fourth novel, An American Marriage,about a young black man wrongly incarcerated and the wife who is left behind when he is sent to jail.  I have long been a fan of Jones’ beginning with her compelling first novel in 2002, Leaving Atlanta, about three fifth graders set against the backdrop of the 1979-80 serial murders of black children.  At the high school where I taught, I passed the novel around and soon my colleagues and I were enthusiastically offering it to students.  It’s taken Jones 16 years and three more books to hit the big time. She joked that earlier author tours would involve cozy conversations with the 8 or 10 people who showed up for the book signing, but now that Oprah has chosen An American Marriageand the film rights have been sold, Jones is finally enjoying a wider audience.  About 150 people sat in the small auditorium with me last Wednesday night at George Mason University as she read excerpts from her book, talked about the inspiration for the story and answered questions from enthusiastic readers.

Jones explained that she wanted to explore larger issues and 6 years ago went to Harvard for a year to study mass incarceration, a plague on the African American community in this country, in particular.  One out of 4 men in Washington, D.C., she pointed out, will end up in jail or prison. She emerged from her year of study, armed with statistics and horrifying knowledge, particularly in regard to wrongful incarcerations, but she just couldn’t find a story.  She says she realized that she needs to write about people and their problems and not vice-versa.  The germ for the story presented itself when she was visiting her mother in Atlanta and she overheard a well-dressed couple arguing in the food court at the mall.  “Roy, you know you wouldn’t have waited for me for seven years,” the woman said.  The man responded, “This wouldn’t have happened to you in the first place.” Jones says she knew she had her story. The first draft of the novel was entirely from the wife, Celestial’s, point of view.  But Jones wasn’t satisfied because she thought Roy, the husband, had a valid perspective that needed to be heard, and so she rewrote the whole book from his point of view.  Then, she says, she realized that story had already been told, likening it to The Odyssey, in which Odysseus returns after a long absence expecting a wife who has been waiting loyally for him. The third incarnation of the book toggled between the two points of view and added a third one, that of Andre, Celestial’s lover.  

An audience member asked her about the title and Jones shared that she did not initially like it.  “It sounded,” she said, “like a story about rich white people in Connecticut with feelings.”  Her editor kept insisting, but Jones said, “I’ve never been called ‘American’ without another word.  African-American.  Black American.” She conferred with her mentor, playwright Pearl Clegg, who told her it was indeed an appropriate title. “Your story could only happen in America.” 

A phrase that Jones returned to several times as she fielded questions is “the tyranny of genre expectations,” something against which she rebels.  For example, she explained, people see the set-up in her book and expect that everything will work out well in the end; the woman will stand by her man, wrongs will be righted.  Celestial, she explains upsets our expectations because she’s not a sacrificial person.  “It’s important to think about what we ask of women.”  Several audience members expressed that they were both irritated for and by Celestial.  “Look,” Jones counters, “Roy has this incredible moral high ground.  How can you ever ask this man to take out the trash? “If stories are going to move us forward, we have to be unsettled.”  

The publication of this novel and Jones’ book tour has coincided, for me, with several other works that bring different perspectives on the issues of incarceration in this country.  I’m listening to season 3 of the podcast “Serial” researched and narrated by Sarah Koenig of NPR’s “This American Life.”  Koenig spent a year at the Cleveland courthouse and each episode features a different aspect of the judicial system.  It may sound dry but in actuality, it’s pretty compelling listening.  I also listened to a NY Timesbook review podcast with a journalist for Mother Jonesnamed Shane Bauer who had been wrongly incarcerated himself – in Iran – for two years.  He has a new book out, American Prison, that chronicles the four months he spent as a Louisiana prison guard and reveals what he discovered about the privatization of American prisons. It’s not a book I would have ordinarily considered reading, but his interview was so interesting, coupled with these other stories, I decided to buy it.  

A word about the people who made my evening with Tayari Jones possible - Based at George Mason University, Fall for the Book is an independent, non-profit literary arts organization that promotes reading by sponsoring a variety of year-round events and activities, the flagship of which is the Fall for the Book festival held each October (fallforthebook.org). This year’s festival featured several headline speakers including Jones and Pulitzer Prize winner Elizabeth Strout.  Next time, I’ll write about her.  



Wednesday, October 10, 2018


The Destroyers,Christopher Bollen
A complex story set against the beautiful backdrop of a Greek island

 I took this book along with me on my recent trip to Greece because it is set on one of the Greek islands, Patmos, and because I anticipated a compelling read. Although we did not visit that particular island, we saw Santorini, which provided ample visuals for the large cruise ships docked off shore and the crowded warren of pedestrian streets through the village cut into the side of the hill that are portrayed in the novel. Located in the Aegean nearer to Turkey than Greece, Patmos is a small island most famous for being the site of the vision given to John in the New Testament Book of Revelation.  As such, Patmos has become a destination for Christian pilgrims who come to tour the cave and several monasteries.  

It is against this backdrop that the story begins.  Ian Bledsoe arrives on the island in a move of desperation; he’s lost his job, been disinherited and is unsettled by the recent death of his father.  His childhood friend, Charlie Konstantinou, now lives on Patmos and is running a rental yacht business, and it is to Charlie that Ian flees in search of financial support for a new business venture and friendly emotional support. The story flashes back periodically to the boys’ adolescence in Manhattan.  The sons of rich men, they live on the upper east side and attend chichi private schools, but both itch to become self-made men rather than glide on the coattails of their family wealth.  Ian, in particular, is more interested in philanthropic causes and gets himself in trouble when he becomes involved with employees of his family’s baby food company who expose the horrific working conditions and less than sanitary products of the company’s Panamanian factory.  

Significant to these flashbacks is Ian’s recall of an imaginary game that he and Charlie played endlessly, the titular “Destroyers.”  One of them begins the game:  “You’re in the Buckland cafeteria when six gunmen enter.” The other responds, “I dive below the table.”  The first one says, Gunmen spray bullets under the table.”  (14)  The game continues with them taking turns, improvising “weapons and shields and intricate booby traps constructed out of Old Masters paintings or jugs of crab salad” (15).  In Ian’s recall of the game, he comments, “It was Charlie’s tendency to make bad decisions, as if attracted to the deadest of ends and yet still expecting to escape without a scratch” (15).  This sentiment proves to be significant foreshadowing.

Bollen creates a memorable cast of characters on Patmos among whom there are various tensions.  There’s Charlie and his live-in girlfriend, Sonny, a gorgeous former actress, who wants to marry Charlie and bring her 7 year old daughter to live with them, something Charlie is hesitant to do.  Charlie’s cousin, Rasym, and his boyfriend, Adrian, are visiting as is Louise, a college fling of Ian’s who is, strangely, seemingly interested in rekindling their romance.  Rasym wants Charlie to bring him into his business, a move Charlie is resisting.  Miles, another friend from adolescence who knows Charlie more because of his family’s vacation home on Patmos, hangs around the periphery, expressing an obvious interest in Sonny that also riles Charlie.  And then there is the Greek family that has worked for the Konstantinous for several generations; the parents are loyal to the family while the younger generation yearns to escape the provincial life on the island.  Secondary characters include the spiritual hippies who live on the beach, enjoying drink, drugs and sex.  As in reality, there are refugees washing up in rubber rafts, some dead and some alive, fleeing their war-torn countries but generally unwelcome in Greece.  

The present day plot takes off when Charlie tells Ian that he is going to be away for a few days on a business trip in Turkey and he doesn’t want others to know he is gone; he enlists Ian to cover for him so that others, particularly Sonny, think he is spending alone time on his yacht.  When Charlie doesn’t return, Ian becomes alarmed both by his absence as well as by the lies Ian has told various people regarding Charlie’s whereabouts.  The situation grows darker as other events unfold and no one knows whether Charlie is a victim or a perpetrator.  

Bollen explores the lure of wealth and the conflicts that arise around money – both having more than enough and the opposite, not having enough.  He also asks readers to consider the intersection of morality, self-interest and loyalty to others.  How much are you willing to sacrifice in order to do what is right? 

                                                               


Monday, August 13, 2018

Before and After - 
two novels that hinge on life-altering accidents

Coincidentally, I just read two books back to back that, although very different in tone and style, have plots that hinge on fatal automobile accidents and their aftermath. Filled with twists that would do Sophie Hannah proud and in the style of Lianne Moriarty, Ghosted by Rosie Walsh is a satisfying romantic mystery page-turner.  Sarah, a 30-something British woman who moved to California in her teens, newly divorced from her American husband and business partner, returns to her little hometown each year on the anniversary of “the accident.”  As the book begins, she is on her annual trip and meets Eddie by the village green, trying to coax a wayward sheep back to its home.  Their attraction is instant and they spend every minute of the next week together, each sure that s/he has finally found “the one.”  After 7 days (and nights) together, Eddie leaves for a previously planned vacation week in Spain, promising to call from the airport – but then he doesn’t.  Nor does he call later that day or the next or the next.  Sarah sends texts and emails and leaves voice messages, increasingly frantic about what has happened to Eddie whom she is positive was not a one-week stand.  Friends suggest that, as the saying goes, he just isn’t into her after all, but Sarah does not believe it and posts on his Facebook wall, asking if anyone has seen him. The mystery deepens when a friend responds that he cancelled his Spanish vacation.  A second mystery surrounds the event for which Sarah makes her pilgrimages.  Letters are interspersed throughout the main narrative which suggest someone in the present missing someone from the past. A close friend or young relative appears to have been injured or killed, but who that is and how it happened only gradually unravels. I think I finished this within about 48 hours of picking it up. It’s a fun, quick page-turner.

Waking Lions by Ayelet Gundar-Goshen, is a more complex and literary novel that both challenges the reader to consider what s/he would do at each turn and to work towards an understanding of the choices made by the characters when “the right thing to do” isn’t obvious.  Although the novel is set in Israel, the topic of illegal immigrants and refugees is very relevant to American readers and the focus on ethical responsibility is universal.  Dr. Eitan Green, neurosurgeon, husband to a police detective and father of two young sons, is exhausted after a long shift at the hospital, but wide awake; remembering a challenging SUV track in the desert, he impulsively decides to drive there before going home.  Turning up Janis Joplin to full blast and speeding to 120 kilometers an hour in the full moonlight, Eitan finds himself feeling liberated and happy.  “It had been years since he had enjoyed himself so much alone, with no other eyes to share the wonder with him, with no one else to echo his joy” (21).  His happiness is short-lived, however when he hits an African man walking in the dark. Jumping out, he realizes the man is still alive, but just barely, and sure to die before Eitan can get him to a hospital.  Recognizing that if he calls the police, he will be charged with manslaughter, lose his medical license and upend his family’s life, and realizing that he cannot save the man, Eitan decides to save himself and drives off. The following day, he repeats to himself, “I ran a man over and drove away” (27), but with each passing hour, the memory seems more and more surreal.  He assumes that with time, the pain of his action will pass.  “Habituation.  The gradual loss of sensitivity” (30).  He would be left with unease.  “People live entire lives with some measure or another of unease” (32).  Eitan’s belief that the incident will gradually fade is short-lived when the dead man’s wife shows up at his door and hands him his wallet.  She demands that he meet her that night at a deserted garage near a kibbutz and he shows up with money, planning to pay her off, but her price is more costly than what he brings; at the garage he finds other Eritreans in need of medical help and it becomes clear that she expects him to be a doctor to them – every night. While it is easy to sympathize with Eitan, who is a victim of a random event that is turning his life upside down, he is not entirely likeable, his prejudices, past and present, suggesting that he has much to learn about, as Atticus Finch would say, walking in another man’s shoes.  Sirkit, the widow of the man Eitan hits, vacillates between victim and victimizer. As an illegal immigrant in Israel, her choices are necessarily limited and her bouts of desperation strong. While one may initially resent the unsustainable penalty she imposes on him, the reader, like Eitan, gets to know her and her circumstances and begins to see her differently.  It took longer for me to read this book, as I was taking notes throughout (for my book group).  It is a powerful story that should generate much discussion.


Saturday, August 11, 2018

A Disappointing Sequel
Us Against You by Fredrik Backman

I wanted to like Us Against You so much more than I did.  The sequel to Backman’s wonderful Beartown, this picks up soon after the first book ends, with the town in mourning over the loss of their hockey team and the cloud hanging over the events that led to its demise. Most of the characters, both major and minor, return and several new ones are introduced, including a slimy politician named Richard Theo who plays people off of each other in order to elevate himself, and a female coach who takes over the newly formed A-team.  Theo entices a foreign company to re-open the Beartown factory and sponsor the reconstituted team and the story is off, but as with the first book, it is less a story about hockey and more a story about identity, judgment and ethics.  Members of the Andersson family struggle in the aftermath of the previous events. Peter has (temporarily) lost his job as manager of the hockey program and isn’t sure who he is without hockey in his life.  Kira, who has always put her career on the back burner to support Peter’s dreams, finds her resentment growing when new job opportunities present themselves and she struggles with her roles as wife, mother and lawyer.  Leo, small for his age and not nearly good enough at hockey to make the team, isn’t sure who he wants to be and finds himself siding with the Pack, a group of tough townies.  Maya is perhaps the most sure of herself having taken a stand in the previous book. 

Unfortunately, there are some fairly ugly moments here without many joyful ones to counterbalance. There’s just a lot of meanness – between the rival Hed players and Beartown, and between those who live in the Heights and those who live in the Hollow. Anti-gay sentiment rears its nasty head, threatening the future of the team and its best player and destroying at least one career.  The fact that the book is darker was a downer and Backman’s style of inserting the voice of an unnamed, philosophizing townsperson – not unlike a Greek chorus – gets old.  What might have seemed like charming aphorisms in the earlier book come across here as tired clichés and annoying interruptions.  Examples:  “Politics is never strictly linear, big changes don’t come out of nowhere , there’s always a series of smaller causes” (144). “We don’t know people until we know their greatest fears” (243).  “Finding out the truth about people is like fire, destructive and indiscriminate” (275). “Hockey is the simplest sport in the world, if you’re sitting in the stands.  It’s always so easy to say what everyone should have done when you now that what they actually did didn’t work”( 283).  It’s as if the author feels he needs to tell the readers the idea rather than letting us draw conclusions from the actions of the characters.

I would not discourage readers of Beartown from picking up Us Against You, but I do warn you:  be prepared for a less satisfying read.

Wednesday, July 11, 2018

Back from the Beach with Recommendations

I went off to the beach with 8 books, acquired one more (birthday gift) and managed to read 7 of them.  It was an unusually good group of titles with only one real meh in the bunch.  I rated all of these 4 stars on Goodreads:

The Knowledge, Martha Grimes
All of the titles of Martha Grimes’ series featuring New Scotland Yard Detective Superintendent Richard Jury are named after pubs.  I thought she had broken with tradition but it turns out that the title refers to the knowledge of the city that London cabbies must possess in order to pass the difficult test to get licensed.  One cabbie comes up with the idea of opening a pub just for cabbies, one that’s not on any map and which can be found only by drivers and he names it, appropriately, The Knowledge.  The story also begins in a cab.  A wealthy couple are driven to an exclusive casino/art gallery; they are shot on the steps of the building and the killer jumps into the cab they have vacated.  Not only do the London cabbies have ways to signal each other when a fare goes bad, but there is also a group of children who hang out around train stations and at Heathrow and who are mobilized to track the man who gets on a plane to Nairobi with one of the children in tow.  Enter Richard Jury and his wealthy friends whom he mobilizes to help him discover the cause of the crime and uncover a tangled web of relationships that extend from Reno, Nevada, to London to Nairobi to Tanzania.  The characters in Grimes’ books are always well done and she injects some humor with the involvement of the savvy children who continue to astonish the adults with their abilities to gain information.

The Death of Mrs. Westaway,Ruth Ware
Harriet Westaway, a 21 year old orphan, ekes out a living reading tarot cards at the Brighton pier.  Wondering how to fend off a loan shark, she sees an out when she receives a letter inviting her to the reading of her grandmother’s will.  Hal knows her grandparents died decades earlier so there has to be a mistake, but curiosity and dire financial straits compel her to travel to Trepassen, an old estate in the English countryside where old Mrs. Westaway’s relatives have gathered.  The vine-covered house with cawing magpies along the drive is a bit creepy and the maid puts Hal in an attic room that has bars on the window.  As Hal gets to know the three siblings who have lost their mother, she learns stories about their youth and a cousin who lived with them for a time – Hal’s mother.  The atmosphere turns ominous as it becomes clear that there is no love lost between them, no fondness for the apparently controlling and acerbic mother who has died, and the fight over the inheritance has been complicated by Hal’s presence.  Reviews of the book suggested that it is not up to par with Ware’s others, but I thought it was well done and reminiscent of Daphne DuMaurier.

29 June 2018, Tangerine, Christine Mangan
The Joyce Carol Oates quote on the dust jacket reads:  “As if Donna Tartt, Gillian Flynn, and Patricia Highsmith collaborated on a screenplay to be filmed by Hitchcock” and that is as good a description as any of this compelling noir-ish novel.  Lucy and Alice are college roommates and close friends until an incident during senior year, referred to mysteriously as “the accident,” occurs. Lucy disappears, Alice finishes school and, as the novel opens, has relocated to exotic Tangier with her new husband.  One day there is a knock on the door and Alice opens it to find Lucy with her suitcase, acting as if nothing happened to ruin their friendship.  The story is told alternately from each woman’s point of view, both moving forward and also flashing back to earlier years.  About the time the reader learns the truth of “the accident,” ominous things begin to occur in the present leading the reader to wonder if history will repeat itself.  Mangan heightens the suspense with hints that one of the two is both unstable and an unreliable narrator but which one?  The ending is a surprise.



3 July 2018, How Hard Can It Be?, Allison Pearson
This was a hilarious, all too realistic account of a woman, Kate Reddy, turning 50 who is dealing with the onset of menopause, a hideous teenage daughter, a husband with a mid-life crisis, ailing parents, a renovation of their newly acquired fixer-upper and a return to the office she headed 7 years earlier as a junior assistant.  As the pre-menopause symptoms set in – hazy memory, huge gushes of blood at inopportune moments, new facial hair- painfully funny scenes ensue.  Kate pretends that she has a little librarian shuffling around the shelves of her memory in house slippers whom she refers to as Roy, and throughout the novel she parenthetically calls on Roy – e.g. “Roy, please find the name of the woman walking towards me. Roy, please add ‘Pick up carryout for dinner’ to today’s list.” Her encounters with her sixteen year old daughter are particularly funny if you have a)had a teenage daughter and b)said daughter has now grown out of that horrible phase.  The book opens with her daughter having snapped a “belfie” (British, I presume, for bum or butt selfie) which has now been spread far and wide across the internet by her frenemy.  This is a wonderfully funny read for any middle-aged woman who has juggled far too many balls and yet kept a surprising percentage of them in the air.

5 July 2018, The Word is Murder, Anthony Horowitz
Horowitz tells the story as if it is autobiographical, with himself as a character who gets roped into writing a book about a brilliant but disgraced private detective who is investigating the oddly timed murder of a woman who only six hours earlier has visited a funeral home to make plans for her own demise. I kept stopping to google various things that he mentions (the title of his last book, his consultation on a movie directed by Steven Spielberg, his residence in London) wondering if, in fact, the story is real, but I think it is just a conceit, and a very clever one at that.  The detective, Daniel Hawthorne, is a bit of a Sherlock Holmes – pretentious, not particularly nice but an observer of the most minute detail. Horowitz gives the reader the salient clues and yet I was surprised by the twists and turns and ultimate solution. 
                                                                                      
6 July 2018, You Think It, I’ll Say It, Curtis Sittenfeld
I read the ten stories in Sittenfeld’s new collection in a day (at the beach).  Several of the stories seem to be about coming to terms with one’s earlier self and many of them have characters who confront assumptions.  In the story from which the title comes, “The World Has Many Butterflies,” Julie becomes enamored with Graham, a colleague of her husband and, along with his wife, a fellow parent of children at the same private school. They play a game, “You think it, I’ll say it,” in which Graham names a person at whatever gathering they happen to be attending, and Julie offers clever criticisms.  Because Graham never says anything, she assumes that he agrees and then further assumes that this shared intimacy means something.  When Graham and his wife separate, Julie invites Graham to lunch and confesses that she thinks about him all the time.  “It’s a non-starter,” he tells her, pointing out his relationship with her husband and their kids’ mutual school.   Adding insult to injury, he tells her pointedly that he was never romantically interested in her and, “You do realize, don’t you, that you weren’t saying what I thought?  You were saying what you thought.  I was just listening” (33).   In “Bad Latch,” the narrator meets Gretchen in a pre-natal class and is immediately jealous of this woman’s maternity boutique clothes, resentful of her superior attitude about keeping the baby’s gender a mystery, and annoyed by her freedom to stay at home; as Gretchen tells her, “If you’re going to outsource your childcare, why even bother to become a parent in the first place?” (62)  A year later, Gretchen and the narrator meet again at day care drop-off; Gretchen’s circumstances have changed and the two women begin a budding friendship, earlier assumptions about Gretchen cast aside. In “A Regular Couple,” on her honeymoon, Maggie crosses paths with her high school nemesis, Ashley who is, as luck would have it, on her honeymoon too.  Maggie wants to avoid her, regaling her new husband with stories of Ashley poaching someone else’s boyfriend, then cheating on him and the incident that sealed her hatred – Ashley asks Maggie to tie her shoe in the locker room after a volleyball game.  Her husband says, “She doesn’t seem like that person anymore.  Obviously, if anything, she is intimidated by you” (99).  In “Off the Record,” a freelance journalist scraping to get by lands a big profile with a star she had interviewed briefly years before.  Each woman makes assumptions about the other’s trustworthiness and pseudo-friendship.